What are the Tokyo 2020 Olympic medals made of?

Infographic on Tokyo 2020 olympic medal compositions. The gold medal weighs 556 grams and is 98.8% silver and 1.2% gold. The silver medal weighs 550 grams and is 100% silver. The bronze medal weighs 450 grams and is 95% copper and 5% zinc. This year’s medals are the first to be made entirely from recycled metals. The metals used to make all of the approximately 5,000 medals were extracted from used electronic devices donated across Japan. This amounted to approximately 32 kg of gold, 3,500 kg of silver, and 2,200 kg of bronze extracted from 78,985 tons of donated devices.
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The delayed 2020 Olympics are currently taking place in Tokyo, and setting a number of firsts. Obviously, it’s the first Olympics to take place without a public audience in the stadiums to watch the events. However, it’s also the first Olympics at which the medals are made entirely from recycled metals. This graphic takes a closer look at their composition and how the metals to make them were amassed.

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An infographic in the Chem vs COVID timeline series. On 6 July 2020, scientists called for greater recognition of the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. People infected with COVID-19 expel droplets when they talk, cough, sneeze, or even breathe. Large droplets travel short distances and can contaminate surfaces, though research has suggested this is a less significant mode of transmission than initially thought. Very small droplets dry and form aerosols (particles suspended in air) which can travel greater distances and spread the virus through the air. Chemists have produced antiviral coatings, containing metals or polymers, to reduce surface transmission. Ventilation and air purification technologies such as air filters, UVC light and photocatalytic devices can destroy the virus in the air in buildings. Overall, understanding of transmission and preventative technologies have helped limit infections, make activities safer, and improved technology to combat viruses in the future.

#ChemVsCOVID: How chemistry is helping with understanding and combatting virus transmission

An infographic in the Chem vs COVID timeline series. On 6 July 2020, scientists called for greater recognition of the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. People infected with COVID-19 expel droplets when they talk, cough, sneeze, or even breathe. Large droplets travel short distances and can contaminate surfaces, though research has suggested this is a less significant mode of transmission than initially thought. Very small droplets dry and form aerosols (particles suspended in air) which can travel greater distances and spread the virus through the air. Chemists have produced antiviral coatings, containing metals or polymers, to reduce surface transmission. Ventilation and air purification technologies such as air filters, UVC light and photocatalytic devices can destroy the virus in the air in buildings. Overall, understanding of transmission and preventative technologies have helped limit infections, make activities safer, and improved technology to combat viruses in the future.
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How does COVID spread? Of all the questions about the pandemic, this seems like it would be a fairly simple one to answer. But, even several months into the pandemic, the guidance from public health organisations did not recognise the potential for COVID to be transmitted through the air. The latest edition of the Chem vs. COVID series with the Royal Society of Chemistry highlights the point at which scientists called for this mode of transmission to be more widely recognised.

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How do air purification technologies work? – in C&EN

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With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, air purification technologies have been receiving renewed attention as workplaces look for solutions that will lower their workers’ risk of exposure. In the latest edition of Periodic Graphics in Chemical and Engineering News, we take a look at the different types of air purification and how each of them works. View the full graphic on the C&EN site.

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#ChemVsCOVID: How were the first treatments for COVID identified?

An infographic titled "Chem vs COVI timeline: 16th June 2020, RECOVERY trial shows dexamethasone as first effective COVID-19 treatment". The structure of dexamethasone is shown at the centre. The left-hand side of the graphic explains how the RECOVERY trial aimed to identify existing treatments that work against COVID-19. 12 treatments were trialled at 181 sites with over 40,000 participants. As of June 2021, 3 treatments have been shown to be effective, and 4 treatments have been shown to be ineffective. The right-hand side of the infographic explains that dexamethasone has antiinflammatory and immunosuppressant effects which may explain the positive results. It's estimated that dexamethasone has saved 22,000 lives in the UK and 1,000,000 lives worldwide. The RECOVERY trial has also shown which treatments are ineffective, including hydroxychloroquine, and set a precedent for how large-scale trials can be carried out during an emergency situation.
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On this day (16 June) a year ago, the first effective treatment for COVID-19 was announced. The corticosteroid drug dexamethasone, already used to treat several inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, was found to be effective for patients in a serious condition in hospital with COVID. This discovery was the product of the RECOVERY trial, a programme started in March 2020 to find COVID treatments.

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The materials science of cycling – in C&EN

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May was National Bike Month, and at the end of June this year’s Tour de France kicks off, so what better time to look at the materials science of cycling? This month’s edition of Periodic Graphics in Chemical & Engineering News looks at the various alloys and polymers used to make bike frames, tires, and accessories. Visit the C&EN site to view the full graphic.

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