Tag: contraception

The chemistry of condoms

The chemistry of condom materials – from sheep guts to synthetic rubber

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The chemistry of condoms
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Today, we take contraception for granted to a certain extent. It’s easy to forget that, less than 200 years ago, the only condom available was one made from a length of sheep gut that you had to wash and re-use. Today, they’re made from a handful of different materials. This post looks at their recent material history, and some of the other chemistry modern condoms utilise.
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The Chemistry of Oral Contraceptives

The Chemistry of Oral Contraceptives

Infographic on the chemistry of oral contraceptives. Oral contraceptives contain synthetic versions of two natural hormones: estrogens and progestogens. These trick the pituitary gland into thinking a woman is already pregnant, stopping release of hormones which stimulate ovulation and preventing pregnancy. Progestogens make it difficult for sperm to reach the uterus and also make it harder for an egg to attach to the uterine lining. Progestogens can be used in combination with estrogens or on their own – which is recommended for breast-feeding women as it doesn't affect milk production. Combined pills contain an estrogen and progestogen, and are taken over a 28 day cycle.
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You may have read in the news over the past few days about the passing of Carl Djerassi, the chemist (and later, novelist) who is best known for his discovery of the first oral contraceptive. This discovery led to something of a social revolution, putting the power of contraception firmly in the hands of women, as well as changing sexual attitudes. This graphic looks at the some of the common chemicals used in oral contraceptives, and how they work.

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